Inspiratory and Expiratory Resistances During Exercise

Evolution of inspiratory and expiratory muscle pressures during endurance exercise.

We investigated the relationship between minute ventilation (VE) and net respiratory muscle pressure (Pmus) throughout the breathing cycle [Total Pmus = mean Pmus, I (inspiratory) + mean Pmus, E (expiratory)] in six normal subjects performing constant-work heavy exercise (CWHE, at approximately 80% maximum) to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer. Pmus was calculated as the sum of chest wall pressur...

Inspiratory: expiratory ratio and pulmonary interstitial emphysema.

Differentiating inspiratory and expiratory valve malfunctions.

hyperemia directly after release of the blood pressure cuff. As stated in our article, we did not measure reactive hyperemia but performed our measurements in all groups after 20 min of reperfusion. It is, therefore, unlikely that reactive hyperemia caused the observed differences between groups. We agree that further studies are needed to clarify more the mechanisms of helium preconditioning i...

Mechanism of inspiratory and expiratory crackles.

OBJECTIVE Although crackles are frequently heard on auscultation of the chest of patients with common cardiopulmonary disorders, the mechanism of production of these sounds is inadequately understood. The goal of this research was to gain insights into the mechanism of crackle generation by systematic examination of the relationship between inspiratory and expiratory crackle characteristics. ...

Effect of ongoing isometric handgrip exercise on the inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes

Muscle exercises are of two types—isotonic and isometric. Isotonic exercises such as walking, jogging, and running has proved beneficial in chronic diseases (e.g., hypertension, diabetes mellitus) and is widely advocated by clinicians and practiced by patients. Symptoms may get aggravated in some of the diseased conditions such as bronchial asthma (BA), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CO...